Results We identified 534,023 COVID-19 patients of whom 38,066 had an inpatient death. Demographic characteristics associated with COVID-19 death included advanced age (85 years or older: aOR: 2.07; 95% CI, 1.99-2.16), male sex (aOR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.82-1.94),
non-white race Hispanic vs White, aOR, =1.74, CI 1.66-1.83; Asian vs White, aOR = 1.71, CI 1.61-1.82; Black vs White, aOR = 1.61, CI 1.56-1.66; Other or unknown vs White, aOR = 1.44, CI 1.37-1.52
Leading comorbidities associated with COVID-19 mortality included sickle cell disease (aOR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.21-2.47), chronic kidney disease (aOR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.29-1.36), leukemias and lymphomas (aOR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.14-1.30), heart failure (aOR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.16-1.22), and diabetes (aOR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.15-1.22).
Conclusions We created a personalized risk prediction calculator to identify candidates for early vaccine and therapeutics allocation (www.predictcovidrisk.com). These findings may be used to protect those at greatest risk of death from COVID-19.
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38036 deaths divided by 524,023 patients times 100% equals 7% fatality rate averaged over those over age 65
The article says:
For patients over the age of 65 with no comorbidities (n=54,669), the COVID-19 infection fatality rate was 4.7% (n=2,591/54,669).
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The highest prevalence of COVID-19 infections was among white patients (n=396,198, 74.2%), female patients (n=307,595, 57.6%), and those age 85 or older (n=138,195, 25.9%). The median age of a COVID-19 diagnosed patient was 77 years (IQR 70-85), and the median age of patients who died was 80 years (IQR 73-87). Each of six comorbidities was present in the majority of COVID-19 patients: 80% (n=423,808) had hypertension, 76% (n=402,979) had hyperlipidemia, 63% (n=335,413) had anemia, 62% (n=332,422) had a cataract, 61% (n=325,498) had rheumatoid arthritis/osteoarthritis, and 54% (n=286,025) had ischemic heart disease (Table 1).
Over 65% of patients that died (n=24,927) had at least one of these comorbidities.
Risk factors associated with COVID-19 death which had a low prevalence in the Medicare population over 65 years of age included pressure ulcers and chronic ulcers (n=85,740), tobacco use (n=69,437), Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders (n=65,303), history of acute myocardial infarction (n=29,728), Blindness and Visual Impairment (n=15,202), lymphoma and leukemia (n=11,996), lung cancer (n=7,578), cerebral palsy (n=3,135) sickle cell disease (n=222),
