Firing up the engine with it dry like that wasn't a good idea. If it had been sitting a long time then there wasn't much lubrication left in the rocker assembly and things probably galled up. It is a hassle to pull the distributor and pre-oil the engine, but it is less work that replacing a bunch of parts.

Looks to me like you need a new set of pushrods at the very minimum. You might also need to replace some rocker arms or buy a new set. I can't really tell you what is going on with those rocker arms without looking them over in person. There should be a way for the oil to get everywhere it needs to go so that is what you need to look at. The shafts might have grooves on them for example. You should be able to put the whole assembly together and then spin the oil pump with a speed wrench and see oil dripping out of each rocker arm.