I agree with Dragon Slayer's analysis.

It's very unlikely the pump is causing the problem if the pump was OK in previous uses.
Since its only 40*F and the engine is cold, seems unlikely vapor pressure would be the cause.
It's more likely that the needle and seats are not sealing, or the floats are not floating.


The simplest way to narrow this down is tee a pressure gage into the fuel line. Then you'll know where the problem is.