Thank you Dave, for restating that oft-forgotten fact.

Other thoughts: Ford's Modular engine represents a bad bet on the future of IC engines. They thought they'd be getting much smaller. By using a bore spacing of 100mm, they effectively limited bore size to 3.66 inches. As a result, the 5.4 and 5.8 Modular motors have a stroke of 4.165 inches, longer than a 454 chevy or 472 caddy. The 302 was never known as a torque engine, and the 4.6 is even smaller. It's a gutless wonder like the chevy 4.8 LS motor.

Also, the point about DOHC engines taking up space is valid. I remember the first time I saw a 5.4 ford crate engine...Doggone, that thing is huge!

R.