A vast amount of money would be put to better use,
if most vehicles had a gauge like this:

http://www.drillspot.com/products/672321/baldwin_filters_afg30_air_filter_restriction_gauge

The Japanese have a saying that originally came from the American Engineer Edward Deming:

"What gets measured gets improved"

There was a unique generation of Americans who were taught how to look at
MAP (manifold absolute pressure) and
IAT (intake air temperature)
and then use these two numbers to calculate the maximum horsepower a gasoline engine could make during an aircraft take off.
For them, this was quite literally a life or death situation.

That generation is now in their 80s and 90s and slowing dying off.

That generation was not fooled by 'Cold Air Intakes' that only made more noise.

One member of that generation,
Claude Travis
pointed out that if you want to really know if a cold air intake improves MPG at part throttle driving:
take two nearly identical vehicles
put the modification on one of them,
go for a "convoy" style MPG test run,
then swap the mod onto the other vehicle
and repeat the MPG test run a second time.

All cold air intakes
(unless you count turbochargers)
fail the above style test.