Quote:

What controls when the solenoid is energized?



The key in the "ON" position. It gets 12 volts from the alternator Field terminal.
The plunger is directed to extend any time the electricity is present. When the key is first engaged, the plunger may not extend fully until the carb is opened a little (like to engage the choke on a cold start). Once the carb is opened a little, the plunger stays extended until the electricity is removed (ie. Turn the key to OFF).