Not necessarily, just done by shops that specialize in wheels.
Most likely owned by the manufacturer.
Come to think of it though, yeah, most like done off shore.
No EPA to worry about.
Why do folks always bash China. It's not like things weren't made in China in the 40's and 50's let alone beyond that.
I'm not saying China made is great, but it isn't new either.
I remember quality control being an issue back when our cars were new.
Just think of the kind of folks that were doing that kind of work back then. Lots of druggies and alcoholics. Not a really a fun job to have. Couldn't get fired. Why do it right?