Don't forget the latent heat of vaporization adding in a cooling effect. Essentially as gasoline, or any fluid really, changes state to a gaseous one it draws heat out of the ambient surroundings to use as the energy to change states.

Part of the reason why water injection does what it does so well.

Ever get acetone or alcohol on your hand and notice it gets real cold evaporating? Same thing.

One difference with a carb and cold air induction vice EFI and cold air induction. On an EFI system it uses a high pressure fine spray pattern out of the injectors to help vaporize the gasoline, carbs use heat.

If the inlet air is too cold carbs have to really be richened up to get enough vapor to run an engine. Like a choke in cold weather. This really kills efficiency from both a MPG and HP stand point.