Yes, it's called "dwell" but this is very misleading.
The piston actually spends this amount of time at TDC: none whatever. Yes, none; a theoretical "instant".
The apparent (observed) lack of motion is due to 2 factors (of which #1 is not always present).
1. Offset piston pins make the highest piston position not occur at 0° (and also changes the stroke length).
2. The total of pin to piston bore fit, and pin to rod eye fit are stacked up (all on the bottom), and then reverse (all on top) after every end-of-travel event (TDC & BDC), and piston motion at these points is small enough that for the first degree or two of rotation it's swallowed by the clearances.


Boffin Emeritus