https://www.orisonmarketing.com/pistonkleen.html

Caterpillar Inc. patent

https://patents.google.com/patent/US20100115721A1/en

Sample quote

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Known carbon cleaning agents for use on disassembled engine components include
ULTRA ONE™ (sodium metasilicate, surfactants, water),
GM Goodwrench ® TOP ENGINE CLEANER (2-butoxyethanol, naphtha, 4-methyl-2-pentanol, 9-octadecendic acid) and
PRO SERIES SIMPLE GREEN® MAX AUTOMOTIVE CLEANER & DEGREASER (2-butoxyethanol, water).
Other engine cleaning agents include
acetone,
benzyl alcohol,
propylene glycol,
ethylene glycol,
Polyol esters,
n-methylpyrrolidone,
nonylphenols
and others.
Steam cleaning and cleaning with dry ice (CO2) are also known.

End quote