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Re: The official Coronavirus thread [Re: 360view] #2821980
09/17/20 05:04 PM
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U of Cincinnati replicates with 190 patients one key early Chinese small study of only 12 Covid-19 patient’s blood tests
... and finds an exactly OPPOSITE result.

https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-09-results-key-china-covid-.html

Sample quote

The research team measured levels of this peptide in COVID-19 patients and discovered that AngII levels were normal. Henry says based on the results of the 12-person study in China, they expected to see AngII levels that were very high, but that was not what they found in their study of 190 patients.

In a recently published follow-up study in the Journal of Medical Virology, the research team reported low levels of angiotensin (1-7) as compared to healthy controls.

"This is among the first substantial evidence supporting the hypothesis of a potential inhibition of ACE2 activity due to virus binding," Henry stated. "As angiotensin (1-7) is anti-inflammatory peptide that also dilates the vessels, low levels of this peptide due to [the coronavirus] may promote ARDS. As such, supplementation with synthetic angiotensin (1-7) may be a potential therapeutic target for treating COVID-19."

End quote

Re: The official Coronavirus thread [Re: 360view] #2821987
09/17/20 05:12 PM
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Very speculative “hint” that wearing eyeglasses might provide some protection against Covid-19 infection.

https://www.medpagetoday.com/infectiousdisease/covid19/88654

Sample quote

Maragakis said this would mean there would be a stronger protective effect from goggles or a face shield, but future studies are needed to show that effect.

Wei and colleagues offered a biological explanation -- namely that angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is on the ocular surface, where SARS-CoV-2 can enter the human body. It may also be transported to "the nasal and nasopharyngeal mucosa through continuous tear irrigation of the lacrimal duct, causing respiratory infection." Indeed, ocular manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 were reported, and the virus was detected in patient tears.

End quote

Re: The official Coronavirus thread [Re: 360view] #2822045
09/17/20 08:15 PM
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More pets, especially cats, may be catching Covid-19

https://www.usnews.com/news/health-...ts-may-be-getting-covid-19-than-realized

Sample quote

To learn more, Canadian researchers swabbed the noses, throats and rectums of 17 cats, 18 dogs and one ferret. To determine current infection, the animals were tested within two weeks of a confirmed coronavirus infection or COVID-19 symptoms in their owners.

Blood samples also were taken from eight cats and 10 dogs whose owners were outside the two-week window of infectiousness. This was to determine recent or past infection.

All of the tests for current infection were negative, but coronavirus antibodies were found in the blood of all eight cats, indicating past infection.

Owners reported that all eight cats had respiratory and/or other illnesses around the time of their own infection.

End quote

Re: The official Coronavirus thread [Re: 360view] #2822200
09/18/20 11:05 AM
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Fatigue Common after Covid-19, whether hospitalized or recovered at home.

https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-09-high-prevalence-fatigue-sars-cov-infection.html

Sample quote

The study included 128 participants (mean age 50 years; 54% female) who were recruited consecutively at a median of 10 weeks following clinical recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infection. More than half reported persistent fatigue (52.3%; 67/128) at this point.

The researchers offered an outpatient appointment to anyone who had a COVID-19 positive swab test in their laboratory at St James Hospital. This included all admitted patients as well as any hospital staff (including cleaning staff, caterers, etc) since the service was also offered to staff that thought they had COVID-19 symptoms. The majority of those in the non-admitted group had a mild illness but had a swab test performed at St James's Hospital rather than at a community testing facility, as they were employed by St James's Hospital.

Of the patients assessed in this study,71/128 (55.5%) were admitted to hospital and 57/128 (44.5%) were not admitted. "Fatigue was found to occur independent of admission to hospital, affecting both groups equally," explains Dr. Townsend.

There was no association between COVID-19 severity (need for inpatient admission, supplemental oxygen or critical care) and fatigue following COVID-19. Additionally, there was no association between routine laboratory markers of inflammation and cell turnover (white blood cell counts or ratios, lactate dehydrogenase, C-reactive protein) or pro-inflammatory molecules (IL-6 or sCD25) and fatigue post COVID-19. Female gender and those with a pre-existing diagnosis of depression/anxiety were over-represented in those with fatigue. Although women represented just over half of the patients in the study (54%), two-thirds of those with persistent fatigue (67%) were women. And while only 1 person of the 61 (1.6%) without fatigue had a history of anxiety or depression, this proportion was 13.4% (9/67) in those with persistent fatigue.

End quote

Re: The official Coronavirus thread [Re: 360view] #2822231
09/18/20 12:15 PM
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Re: The official Coronavirus thread [Re: 360view] #2822595
09/19/20 01:30 PM
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Canadians Gargle, and arrest in 1000 bars....

https://www.cnn.com/2020/09/19/americas/canadian-gargle-test/index.html

Sample quote

Canadian provincial leaders say they are fed up with young people recklessly gathering at restaurants, bars, private homes and even parks and beaches.
"Every week we see images in bars, there's dance floors that are full, all sorts of things are happening in bars," said Genevieve Guilbault, Quebec's minister of public safety during a press conference Friday in Quebec City.
Quebec announced a sweeping police operation for this weekend saying law enforcement officials would visit more than 1,000 bars and restaurants to make sure owners and patrons are complying with health regulations.

End quote

Re: The official Coronavirus thread [Re: 360view] #2823235
09/21/20 12:21 PM
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Originally Posted by 360view


Interesting, maybe a new fad coming up...


Mopar
Or
No
Car
Re: The official Coronavirus thread [Re: 360view] #2823305
09/21/20 02:18 PM
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Children born in Sweden up to March 1975 were given the BCG vaccine.
Children born in Sweden in after April 1975 were NOT given the BCG vaccine.

This “natural experiment”
was recently studied to more accurately find out if BCG protects against Covid-19.

Answer: No

https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-09-uncover-early-results-tuberculosis-vaccine.html

Sample quote

Usually, non-randomized studies can provide evidence only of correlations, not actual causation. But the type of analysis that the Chaisemartins applied is different. "The regression discontinuity method we used is considered almost as reliable as a randomized controlled trial in terms of teasing out correlation from causation," said Clément de Chaisemartin.

The researchers took advantage of the fact that the Swedish policy essentially created a randomized controlled trial. People born in March and April 1975 are extremely similar in terms of their susceptibility to COVID-19. Meanwhile, those born in March got the BCG vaccine, while those born in April did not. It's almost as if the individuals were randomly placed in the two different groups.

The researchers compared the COVID-19 outcomes between the two groups and found that
cases per capita,
hospitalizations per capita,
and deaths per capita
were very similar for people born just before and just after the April 1st cutoff.

End quote

Re: The official Coronavirus thread [Re: 360view] #2823311
09/21/20 02:23 PM
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Experimental oral drug AR-12 may fight Covid-19

https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-09-experimental-drug-ar-covid-treatment.html

Sample quote

AR-12 has been studied extensively in Dent's laboratory as both an anti-cancer and anti-viral drug, with prior peer-reviewed publications from Dent and others showing it to be effective against viruses including Zika, mumps, measles, rubella, chikungunya, RSV, CMV, drug resistant HIV and influenza. Recently, collaboration with Jonathan O. Rayner, Ph.D., at the University of South Alabama and Laurence Booth, Ph.D., from Dent's lab, has demonstrated that AR-12 is highly effective against SARS-CoV-2.

"AR-12 works in a unique way. Unlike any other anti-viral drug, it inhibits cellular chaperones, which are proteins that are required to maintain the right 3-D shape of viral proteins.
...snip...

"AR-12 is an oral therapy that has been well tolerated in a prior clinical trial, so we know that it is safe and tolerable," says Poklepovic. "Most COVID-19 drugs are given intravenously, so this would be a unique therapeutic option and potentially suitable for outpatient therapy, similar to the way one would take an antibiotic."

End quote

Re: The official Coronavirus thread [Re: 360view] #2823984
09/23/20 10:49 AM
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Low Zinc in blood predicts more severe Covid-19

https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-09-zinc-blood-death-patients-covid-.html

Sample quote

Mean baseline zinc levels among the 249 patients were 61 mcg/dl.
Among those who died, the zinc levels at baseline were significantly lower at 43mcg/dl vs 63.1mcg/dl in survivors.
Higher zinc levels were associated with lower maximum levels of interleukin-6 (proteins that indicate systemic inflammation) during the period of active infection.

After adjusting by age, sex, severity and receiving hydroxychloroquine, statistical analysis showed
each unit increase of plasma zinc at admission to hospital was associated with a 7% reduced risk of in-hospital mortality.
Having a plasma zinc level lower than 50mcg/dl at admission was associated with a 2.3 times increased risk of in-hospital death compared with those patients with a plasma zinc level of 50mcg/dl or higher.

The authors conclude: "Lower zinc levels at admission correlate with higher inflammation in the course of infection and poorer outcome. Plasma zinc levels at admission are associated with mortality in COVID-19 in our study. Further studies are needed to assess the therapeutic impact of this association."

End quote

Re: The official Coronavirus thread [Re: 360view] #2823985
09/23/20 10:54 AM
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Influenza vaccines might work better if they were based on T-cell boosting nasal sprays.

https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-09-vaccine-strategy-harnesses-foot-soldier.html

Sample quote

In a study published in Cell Reports Medicine today, scientists describe a T-cell-based vaccine strategy that is effective against multiple strains of influenza virus. The experimental vaccine, administered through the nose, delivered long-lasting, multi-pronged protection in the lungs of mice by rallying T-cells, specialist white blood cells that quickly eliminate viral invaders through an immune response.

The research suggests a potential strategy for developing a universal flu vaccine, "so you don't have to make a new vaccine every year," explains Marulasiddappa Suresh, a professor of immunology in the School of Veterinary Medicine who led the research. The findings also aid understanding of how to induce and maintain T-cell immunity in the respiratory tract, a knowledge gap that has constrained the development of immunization strategies. The researchers believe the same approach can be applied to several other respiratory pathogens, including the novel coronavirus that causes COVID-19.

End quote

Re: The official Coronavirus thread [Re: 360view] #2823991
09/23/20 11:01 AM
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Silk is best for home made masks

https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-09-silk-homemade-solution-covid-.html

Sample quote

Next to a single-use N95 respirator or surgical mask, UC found the best alternative could be made by a hungry little caterpillar. Silk face masks are comfortable, breathable and repel moisture, which is a desirable trait in fighting an airborne virus.

Perhaps best of all, silk contains natural antimicrobial, antibacterial and antiviral properties that could help ward off the virus, said Patrick Guerra, assistant professor of biology in UC's College of Arts and Sciences.

Studies have shown that copper, in particular, can kill bacteria and viruses on contact. And that's where the little caterpillars have their own superpower, Guerra said.

"Copper is the big craze now. Silk has copper in it. Domesticated silk moths eat mulberry leaves. They incorporate copper from their diet into the silk," Guerra said.

End quote

Re: The official Coronavirus thread [Re: 360view] #2824155
09/23/20 03:20 PM
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Google Maps updates shows color coded Covid-19 rates by US county when available
or districts in other countries

https://www.cnbc.com/2020/09/23/google-maps-covid-19-layer-shows-coronavirus-outbreaks-near-you.html

Sample quote

Once you get the update, you’ll be able to use the new feature by doing this:

Open Google Maps.
Tap the layers button, which looks like a square on top of another square.
Choose the “Covid-19 Info” layer.
Now you’ll see a map of cases around the world, color-coded by severity.

End quote

Re: The official Coronavirus thread [Re: 360view] #2824228
09/23/20 05:45 PM
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As speculated on at the beginning of this long thread,
Statin drugs have now been found helpful in reducing Covid-19 severity

https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-09-statins-covid-severity-cholesterol-virus.html

Sample quote

Among the patients with COVID-19, 27 percent were actively taking statins on admission, while 21 percent were on an ACE inhibitor and 12 percent on an ARB. The median length of hospital stay was 9.7 days for patients with COVID-19.

The researchers found that statin use prior to hospital admission for COVID-19 was associated with a more than 50 percent reduction in risk of developing severe COVID-19, compared to those with COVID-19 but not taking statins. Patients with COVID-19 who were taking statins prior to hospitalization also recovered faster than those not taking the cholesterol-lowering medication.

"We found that statins are not only safe but potentially protective against a severe COVID-19 infection," said Daniels. "Statins specifically may inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection through its known anti-inflammatory effects and binding capabilities as that could potentially stop progression of the virus."

End quote

If at the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic,
imagine how many lives would have been saved if
the other 73% of Americans who were not taking a Statin
had begun taking one as Covid-19 protection.

Two cheap, readily available, drugs
PepcidAC and Mevacor
could have made a big difference.

Re: The official Coronavirus thread [Re: 360view] #2824444
09/24/20 08:59 AM
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Men 62% more likely to die with Covid-19 than women, and it gets worse with age

https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-09-men-covid-death-possibly-higher.html

Sample quote

Male predominance was even more pronounced in the age groups >65 years and >75 years. Mean CCI and most comorbidities did not differ significantly between men and women, while coronary artery disease (18% vs 10%) and smoking rates were higher in male patients (14.5 vs 10.5%) than female patients.

Progression to a critical phase (generally reflecting ICU admission) was seen more often in men than in women (30.6% vs 17.2%). Mean hospital length of stay was longer in male patients (15.4 vs 13.3 days).

Both crude mortality (19.2% vs 12.9%) and COVID-19 attributable mortality (17.1% vs 10.3%,), were significantly higher in men. Being male proved to be an independent risk factor for a 62% increased risk of COVID-19 associated death in an analysis adjusted for various factors.

While most laboratory parameters were comparable between male and female patients with COVID-19, men had significantly higher inflammatory markers (IL-6, CRP, PCT, ferritin) across all phases of disease

End quote

Re: The official Coronavirus thread [Re: 360view] #2824828
09/25/20 06:58 AM
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Hydroxychloroquine not found to cause lethal heart problems in 98.9% of patients if they are pre-screened for QT interval,
says large European study

https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-09-heart-rhythm-covid-patients-short.html

Sample quote

Hydroxychloroquine is known to cause an electrical change in the heart in some patients. It is called QT prolongation because of the pattern on the electrocardiogram (ECG). This electrical pattern is linked with an increased risk of deadly heart rhythms.

Hydroxychloroquine has been used for decades to treat lupus and rheumatoid arthritis and prevent malaria. But the COVID-19 pandemic is the first time the drug has been used in large numbers of acutely ill patients with multiple health conditions and possibly receiving other QT-prolonging drugs. The scale of the pandemic raises the likelihood of inherited heart problems that predispose patients to arrhythmias. In addition, changes in blood electrolytes, which can trigger arrhythmias, can occur in those needing treatment in an intensive care unit (ICU).

This study was conducted to assess ECG changes and arrhythmias in COVID-19 patients treated with hydroxychloroquine in different clinical settings.

A total of 649 COVID-19 patients were enrolled from seven institutions between 10 March and 10 April 2020. The average age was 62 years and 46% were men. A risk calculator was used to assess the likelihood of QT prolongation and decide the treatment setting. All patients had an ECG before starting treatment and at least one follow-up measurement.

In all centres, patients took 200 mg hydroxychloroquine twice a day (i.e. a total of 400 mg per day). More than half of patients (58.6%) took a loading dose on the first day, meaning they received 400 mg twice on that day (i.e. a total of 800 mg).

Hydroxychloroquine was administered early after symptom onset in three different care settings: 126 (19.4%) patients were managed at home, 495 (76.3%) were hospitalised in a medical ward, and 28 (4.3%) patients were treated in ICU. In line with real-world practice, 30% of patients received two QT-prolonging drugs, and 13.6% received three (including hydroxychloroquine).

A significant QT interval prolongation was observed in the overall cohort, but the magnitude of the increase was modest and similar across care settings. The most important determinants of QT prolongation during hydroxychloroquine treatment were fever at admission and baseline QT length.

Over a median follow-up of 16 days, there were no lethal arrhythmias.
A total of seven patients (1.1%) had a serious ventricular arrhythmia, but none were deemed related to QT prolongation or to hydroxychloroquine treatment.

End quote

Re: The official Coronavirus thread [Re: 360view] #2824838
09/25/20 07:56 AM
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Dutch study says those who get severe Covid-19 fit a profile

https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-09-older-western-europeans-profile-susceptible.html

Sample quote

After correcting the data for the sex of the participants, we observed that many inflammatory markers and changes in cell populations linked with severe COVID-19 correlate with age in healthy individuals," explains senior co-author Professor Mihai Netea, also of Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.

These parameters include changes to white blood cells including increased non-classical monocyte numbers, a critical decrease in T lymphocytes, particularly some types of CD8+ and CD4+ lymphocytes and naïve regulatory T cells, elevated circulating levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1) that induces immune cell accumulation in organs, osteoprotegerin (OPG) that may increase survival of certain cell populations, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) that activates both immune and epithelial cells, and declined concentrations of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL/TRANCE). Interleukin-6, a marker of inflammation and one of the major biomarkers of COVID-19 severity, also increases with age in both cohorts.

The authors conclude: "Age is one of the biggest risk factors of COVID-19 severity and fatality. Our results suggest that the severe COVID-19 immunological profile, represented by changes in cell populations and circulating inflammatory proteins, is already partly present in aged healthy individuals. Therefore, some of these dysregulations might not be a direct result of the infection but rather an underlying profile that is permissive to a more severe form of the disease.

End quote

If blood tests could identify these individuals early,
they could decide whether to strictly isolate themselves.

Re: The official Coronavirus thread [Re: 360view] #2825056
09/25/20 04:37 PM
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Cheap vitamin D might be a good investment to reduce risk of severe Covid-19
along with a blood test to confirm you are above a level of 30 ng/mL

https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-09-adequate-vitamin-d-complications-death.html

Re: The official Coronavirus thread [Re: 360view] #2825238
09/26/20 09:49 AM
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“Educated Guesses”
about different effectiveness of suggestions to reduce Covid-19 spread rate

https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-09-contact-results-masks-handwashing-social.html

Sample quote

They conducted a case-control study with 211 cases and 839 non-matched controls using all contact tracing records of Thailand's national Surveillance and Rapid Response Team. This study included contact investigations of three large clusters of COVID-19 identified in nightclubs, boxing stadiums, and a state enterprise office in Thailand.

Cases were asymptomatic contacts of COVID-19 patients identified between 1 and 31 March 2020 who were diagnosed with COVID-19 by 21 April 2020;
controls were asymptomatic contacts who were not diagnosed with COVID-19.

Participants were asked about practices during contact periods with a case. Adjusted odds ratios were estimated for associations between protective measures and diagnosis of COVID-19 using statistical modelling.

The researchers found that wearing masks all the time during contact was independently associated with a 77% lower risk of COVID-19 infection compared to not wearing masks. However, only wearing masks sometimes during contact was not associated with reduced risk of infection. The type of mask worn was not independently associated with infection. Those who wore masks all the time also were more likely to practice social distancing.

Maintaining at least a 1 metre distance from the COVID-19 patient reduced the risk of infection by 85%,
while restricting close contact with a case to less than 15 minutes reduced the risk of being infected by 76% compared with contact of more than 15 minutes.

Frequent handwashing also reduced the risk of infection by 66%.

End quote

Re: The official Coronavirus thread [Re: 360view] #2825378
09/26/20 05:38 PM
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Johnson & Johnson Covid-19 vaccine candidate creates strong immune response,
moves on to 60,000 volunteer trial

https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-h...ne-response-in-early-trial-idUKKCN26G2YA

Sample quote

Researchers, including those from J&J’s unit Janssen Pharmaceuticals, said 98% of participants with data available for the interim analysis had neutralizing antibodies, which defend cells from pathogens, 29 days after vaccination.

However, immune response results were available from only a small number of people - 15 participants - over 65 years old, limiting the interpretation.

In participants older than 65, the rate of adverse reactions such as fatigue and muscle aches was 36%, much lower than the 64% seen in younger participants, the results showed, suggesting the immune response in older people may not be as strong.

End quote

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