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Megasquirt 2 EFI and Vintage Air A/C in a 74 Challenger

Posted By: 2011GrabberGT

Megasquirt 2 EFI and Vintage Air A/C in a 74 Challenger - 08/14/14 02:31 AM

I posted this over on a local E-Body forum, figured I'd share here too just in case there are some people on the hump of going EFI or not!

It's been awhile since I posted (crazy busy with work, house, getting married, etc.) and I ended up keeping my Challenger with a Eddy headed 408 small block. A few years back I was seriously considering selling it but couldn't do it. I've had it since I was 16. Anyway, I'm now in the process of modernizing and restoring the car. I've already switched to 1970 style bumpers and brackets and a dual exhaust valence. The rest of the body/paint will be done at a later date.

Engine wise, I ditched the Edelbrock 800 carb and Air Gap intake for a Super Victor EFI manifold, Edelbrock 4 hole throttle body, and some 44lb Venom Injectors in port fuel injection configuration. It's all fed from a tank mounted Aeromotive Phantom Stealth 340 pump.









Controlling everything is a Megasquirt 2 ECU that I built and modified myself. This thing is awesome, and I would do it all over again in a heartbeat. It is extremely universal and configurable, both from a hardware and software standpoint. It controls the following:

fan
PWM IAC
Injectors in Bank Batch fire
A/C Compressor
Ignition Coil
fuel pump relay
tachometer output

This winter I'll probably ditch the distributor entirely and fit a crank trigger and coil packs instead. The wiring and Megasquirt modifications are already in place for it. I also plan on adding a knock sensor.

I ended up building a harness from scratch since virtually everything else in my car is not stock after installing a Painless Wiring 18 circuit harness and a ton of other modern conveniences. I use a pair of 35 pin Ampseal connectors on an aluminum bulkhead plate I fabricated and mounted in the stock location. The black one is for the chassis wiring and the blue for the EFI system. The Megasquirt is located behind the glove box.



All I can say is, wow! I wish I had went EFI sooner. With minimal tuning I have this car running far better than it ever did with a carb. It'll idle in closed loop baby smooth at 800RPM despite the cam, and idles up on cold start or when the A/C is on like a new car. She fires up instantly and doesn't stumble or buck at all if driven cold. It is almost odorless now when idling, where as before it was smelly! It has built in rev limiter (can be set up to vary with engine temp, so lower rev limit when cold) and launch control functions. Here are some screenshots of the tuning and datalogging software. It's pretty powerful stuff and I've done calibration work for late model engines at the OEM level with Engineering level calibration software.





Cruising is incredible too. This car will run as lean as 16.5-17.0:1 without an issue, and I am still playing with advance to see how much I can squeeze out of it. I've already noticed a huge difference in MPG. Throttle response and part throttle are incredible as well. I need to get it on a dyno to really dial in the WOT and spark tables still. I'm running a wideband in each bank and pull crank signal off of the VR sensor in the locked out MSD distributor. With a few mods (shaft collar on the distributor shaft and chain tensioner) the timing is actually pretty steady.

Admittedly, I'm not a carb tuning pro, but I'm not that bad either.

Last week, I installed a Vintage Air A/C system. It works incredibly well and I'd recommend it to anyone. The fitment is pretty good, the box is tiny in comparison to the factory stuff, and it blows like ice. I did not use their compressor kit since I have a March serpentine drive, so I fitted a compressor to that instead. It makes the car much more usable since I no longer have to wait for the perfect day to cruise in it without being baked alive. Low speed cooling is an issue if I idle for a long time, but that rarely happens so I don't think I'll be doing anything about it. The HHR fan cools quite well for the most part.





This car is infinitely more enjoyable now, and I cannot wait to get the body/paint done so it looks as good as it drives. I'm planning on going to modern suspension, brakes, and a 6 speed too. If I can get low to mid 20's MPG out of this thing I'll drive it daily!
Posted By: Duner

Re: Megasquirt 2 EFI and Vintage Air A/C in a 74 Challenger - 08/14/14 03:29 AM

Way cool!

You will have to either drive it at artificial areas than "normal" to get the auto-tune to hit all the cells - or just smooth it out afterward by averaging it some. It basically "tunes" the fuel table in a stair step fashion since it's tough to hit all the rpms at all the different loads and still actually drive it at the same time. There are probably many areas of the fuel table that you'll never ever hit.
Posted By: 2011GrabberGT

Re: Megasquirt 2 EFI and Vintage Air A/C in a 74 Challenger - 08/14/14 03:41 AM

Yeah, VEAL works pretty well. Just punch in a target AFR and it adjusts the VE tables until it is where you want it to be. Widebands are pretty much mandatory as far as I am concerned unless you do it all on a dyno or have tons of time. I have neither.

I have a decent base map so I am now beginning to tune each bank independently. That made a huge impact on idle quality. Even a slight AFR difference from bank to bank can make all the difference between a solid idle and a rocky one.
Posted By: Duner

Re: Megasquirt 2 EFI and Vintage Air A/C in a 74 Challenger - 08/14/14 03:56 AM

I'm running MS3X on mine with the sequential injection and I couldn't be happier with how it all works.

The only tuning I did on the dyno was for some WOT pulls to try and dial in the timing better. Even at that - it still had to be changed because the dyno couldn't replicate the additional load of the wind resistance. I have thoroughly enjoyed the entire process of dialing it in.
Posted By: herkamer

Re: Megasquirt 2 EFI and Vintage Air A/C in a 74 Challenger - 08/14/14 06:15 AM

Not bad for a box of resistors and caps! Welcome the MS club!

I really enjoy getting mine dialed in, and nice to have it run better every time you are out.

The only place I can't get perfect on mine is the accel enrichment. at 25ms pulsewidth it's still lean on 2 injectors. But not enough to detract from driving unless you need to mash on it!
Posted By: sunroofgtx

Re: Megasquirt 2 EFI and Vintage Air A/C in a 74 Challenger - 08/14/14 10:27 AM

Great stuff. Tunabilty is key with this. Same with the coilpacks. Excellent info. Is rf noise making the graphs read like that?
Posted By: Bad340fish

Re: Megasquirt 2 EFI and Vintage Air A/C in a 74 Challenger - 08/14/14 02:15 PM

Awesome,

I have an MS3X unit built and running on stim boards, next step is to convert the car after drag week. I really don't have any carb problems, car gets good MPG for an 11.20 car(13-14 highway) and I don't have any drive ability problems.....I just want to be able to tune with my lap top.

I am going to try and do a jeep cam sensor like redmist did on his big block, I am not sure if it can be done on a small block or not but I will find out soon.
Posted By: 2011GrabberGT

Re: Megasquirt 2 EFI and Vintage Air A/C in a 74 Challenger - 08/14/14 06:41 PM

No, it's zoomed in a lot on that screen shot . Zoomed out its actually relatively smooth, for the cam duration. It's very steady off idle.
Posted By: denfireguy

Re: Megasquirt 2 EFI and Vintage Air A/C in a 74 Challenger - 08/14/14 10:53 PM

I am going to build one as well. Are you thinking about moving to sequential injection?
Hate to say it, but my budget may only allow for TBI for now and get a new intake later.
A/C conversion is underway now. Then the Megasquirt 2 kit and STIM board will be next.
Craig
Posted By: MR_P_BODY

Re: Megasquirt 2 EFI and Vintage Air A/C in a 74 Challenger - 08/14/14 11:24 PM

I have to ask... is this in the right section.. talking
A/C ... as far as I know, race cars dont run A/C..
at least my junk doesnt
EDIT
I understand the injection.. I'm installing it now
Posted By: sunroofgtx

Re: Megasquirt 2 EFI and Vintage Air A/C in a 74 Challenger - 08/14/14 11:42 PM

Quote:

I have to ask... is this in the right section.. talking
A/C ... as far as I know, race cars don't run A/C..
at least my junk doesn't
EDIT
I understand the injection.. I'm installing it now





Riff Raff, your a/c would need to be for somebody sitting in your bed, holding on to the cage !!
Posted By: CTD5.9

Re: Megasquirt 2 EFI and Vintage Air A/C in a 74 Challenger - 08/14/14 11:46 PM

Quote:

I have to ask... is this in the right section.. talking
A/C ... as far as I know, race cars dont run A/C..
at least my junk doesnt
EDIT
I understand the injection.. I'm installing it now





I suppose you are one of those hardcore racing guys that take the radio out as well?
Posted By: 2011GrabberGT

Re: Megasquirt 2 EFI and Vintage Air A/C in a 74 Challenger - 08/15/14 12:20 AM

Quote:

I am going to build one as well. Are you thinking about moving to sequential injection?
Hate to say it, but my budget may only allow for TBI for now and get a new intake later.
A/C conversion is underway now. Then the Megasquirt 2 kit and STIM board will be next.
Craig




No, sequential only really applies to low RPM's and idle quality. I'm very happy with the way mine idles and with the gearing it doesn't spend a lot of time at low RPM either. I'd have to upgrade to MS3/MSX which would cost me another $500 with harness, case, etc, and it'd simply be overkill for my build since I'd never put a dent in all of the inputs and outputs it has. I'd have to cut a new hole in the firewall and build another bulkhead harness too.

That said, my MS2 is maxed out right now so I'll only make the jump if I absolutely need to.

My build with everything was the same cost or less than one of the TBI packaged setups that are becoming quite popular, and it is far more capable than any of them too.

Quote:

I have to ask... is this in the right section.. talking
A/C ... as far as I know, race cars dont run A/C..
at least my junk doesnt
EDIT
I understand the injection.. I'm installing it now





Race cars don't run EFI most of the time either. If there were an Engine ONLY forum, I would have posted there. But this is called Engine AND Race Tech.... Didn't realize it had to be both to apply.
Posted By: Jerry

Re: Megasquirt 2 EFI and Vintage Air A/C in a 74 Challenger - 08/15/14 02:32 PM

I'm interested in the bulk head connectors you used. any chance of getting some pics of those and part numbers. I'm looking at doing the same thing with my car since the wiring harness needs to be updated anyway.
Posted By: redmist

Re: Megasquirt 2 EFI and Vintage Air A/C in a 74 Challenger - 08/15/14 09:44 PM

Same here on the connectors.

I am going to clean up the wiring on my MS3X setup, and get my engine "Plug and play" with some connectors like that.

I was originally looking at some cannon style plugs, but those look great also!
Posted By: MR_P_BODY

Re: Megasquirt 2 EFI and Vintage Air A/C in a 74 Challenger - 08/15/14 11:18 PM

Riff Raff, your a/c would need to be for somebody sitting in your bed, holding on to the cage !!




My A/C is still 2/40.. 2 window down at 40mph...I
will put A/C on my 38 Ply... thinking about changing
that 440 out for a gen 3 and maybe twin turbos along
with a 518 trans... gotta see how things would package
Posted By: MR_P_BODY

Re: Megasquirt 2 EFI and Vintage Air A/C in a 74 Challenger - 08/15/14 11:23 PM

Quote:

Quote:

I have to ask... is this in the right section.. talking
A/C ... as far as I know, race cars dont run A/C..
at least my junk doesnt
EDIT
I understand the injection.. I'm installing it now





I suppose you are one of those hardcore racing guys that take the radio out as well?




On a race car.... yep... my street/strip car has stereo
Posted By: 2011GrabberGT

Re: Megasquirt 2 EFI and Vintage Air A/C in a 74 Challenger - 08/15/14 11:57 PM

They are 35 pin "Ampseal" connectors.




http://www.digikey.com/catalog/en/partgroup/ampseal-series/27450

http://www.digikey.com/product-detail/en/776164-5/A105102-ND/2327367


They're pretty neat; they are sealed on the backside with a solid silicone barrier and the pins crimped onto the wires puncture holes in them so they automatically seal as they are installed. There is no need for a seal crimped onto the wire nor a plug like on other weatherpack connectors. They do make plugs to seal holes in the backside if one is depinned or punctured on mistake.

The male connector body has a silicone seal and the connector header also has a perimeter seal to seal off whatever you bolt it to. The lock tab is quite sturdy and there is no chance of these ever coming undone on accident between that and the silicone seals.

Ironically the sealed MS Pro and Microsquirt units now ship with these connectors and they can be submerged. I was using them before they were cool! I bought mine online from Digikey. They are very inexpensive, less than $10 each per side and a bag of 200 pins was like $8. They are color coded and keyed differently, so there is no chance of plugging them into the wrong headers. I bought black (chassis), blue (MS2), and grey (eventually for the MSX if I upgraded).

http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http...=88&ndsp=26

http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http...t=0&ndsp=18

http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http...t=0&ndsp=18

Assembly is straighforward; crimp the pin to the wire and put the connector in the "service" position. The red lock on the front side is basically slide forward slightly but not removed. You then insert the pins through the back seal. When they are all installed properly the red lock is pushed back into place and the pins can no longer come out.

To remove a pin, the lock is moved and you simply twist the wire slightly to get it to pull out.

The OE crimpers are crazy expensive, but I was able to make do with generic weather pack crimpers and I also soldered them to make sure they never come loose.

I soldered and heat shrunk the wires to the header on the interior side of the firewall. Pro tip: Crimp pins onto the wire on this side and they will slide snugly onto the header pins making it MUCH easier to solder. Use large heat shrink or a zip tie to provide some strain relief, and anchor the harness bundle with a little bit of slack within 6" of the header with a P clamp or similar.

DigiKey has a pretty detailed catalog and PDF's you can download for everything you want to know about these.
Posted By: SCATPACK 1

Re: Megasquirt 2 EFI and Vintage Air A/C in a 74 Challenger - 08/15/14 11:59 PM

Quote:

I have to ask... is this in the right section.. talking
A/C ... as far as I know, race cars dont run A/C..
at least my junk doesnt
EDIT
I understand the injection.. I'm installing it now




I am glad he posted it here. I never go to the other pages to get engine tech. This section is titled "RACE CAR & ENGINE TECH" right?! I have been thinking about doing the fuel injection on mine since mine is as much street as it is track. Just my 2 cents worth
Posted By: MR_P_BODY

Re: Megasquirt 2 EFI and Vintage Air A/C in a 74 Challenger - 08/16/14 12:28 AM

Quote:

Quote:

I have to ask... is this in the right section.. talking
A/C ... as far as I know, race cars dont run A/C..
at least my junk doesnt
EDIT
I understand the injection.. I'm installing it now




I am glad he posted it here. I never go to the other pages to get engine tech. This section is titled "RACE CAR & ENGINE TECH" right?! I have been thinking about doing the fuel injection on mine since mine is as much street as it is track. Just my 2 cents worth




DAMN.... I'M SORRY A SAID A FRECKIN WORD
Posted By: Duner

Re: Megasquirt 2 EFI and Vintage Air A/C in a 74 Challenger - 08/16/14 02:01 AM

Cranking on the ice-cold AC as I make the turn onto the return road rules! LOL
Posted By: gdonovan

Re: Megasquirt 2 EFI and Vintage Air A/C in a 74 Challenger - 08/17/14 02:29 PM

Quote:


No, sequential only really applies to low RPM's and idle quality.




I have been telling people this for years, got tired of repeating it after awhile.

OEM's used batch fired injectors for a decade at least, no one complained. Emissions was the major factor in going to sequential.
Posted By: 2011GrabberGT

Re: Megasquirt 2 EFI and Vintage Air A/C in a 74 Challenger - 08/17/14 05:17 PM

Exactly. The whole point of sequential is to time the injector pulsewidth with the intake valve opening events so that fuel is only sprayed when the valve is open and taking in air.

At mid and high RPM's the intake valves will be opening and closing faster than the injector opening and closing events since the pulsewidths have to higher to deliver the necessary fuel quantity.

The end result is that the injectors cannot open and close fast enough to match the valves while still metering enough fuel, so even sequentially fuel injected engines essentially operate in batch fire mode above a certain RPM.

Direct injection is really the only way to get around that.

If I couldn't get a clean idle or my car still made my eyes burn like Testor's Model Glue I'd have considered making the jump.

Being able to independently tune each bank resulted in the largest impact for me. I was able to drop my idle kpa down by 5-7 just from tweaking the VE tables to get the AFR's even and correct.

The other caveat is that if you run sequential and don't take the time to find the ideal injector timing you can actually induce problems with shaky idles and excessive emissions that may not be present in normal batch fire mode.
Posted By: denfireguy

Re: Megasquirt 2 EFI and Vintage Air A/C in a 74 Challenger - 08/18/14 03:46 PM

Quote:

Exactly. The whole point of sequential is to time the injector pulsewidth with the intake valve opening events so that fuel is only sprayed when the valve is open and taking in air.

At mid and high RPM's the intake valves will be opening and closing faster than the injector opening and closing events since the pulsewidths have to higher to deliver the necessary fuel quantity.

The end result is that the injectors cannot open and close fast enough to match the valves while still metering enough fuel, so even sequentially fuel injected engines essentially operate in batch fire mode above a certain RPM.

Direct injection is really the only way to get around that.

If I couldn't get a clean idle or my car still made my eyes burn like Testor's Model Glue I'd have considered making the jump.

Being able to independently tune each bank resulted in the largest impact for me. I was able to drop my idle kpa down by 5-7 just from tweaking the VE tables to get the AFR's even and correct.

The other caveat is that if you run sequential and don't take the time to find the ideal injector timing you can actually induce problems with shaky idles and excessive emissions that may not be present in normal batch fire mode.


That all makes total sense. I know the on/off time of an injector is not real short and at high RPM it would be much like valve float, not enough time to totally open or close.
It also makes sense that the ideal injector time would be critical to get the fuel through the valve at the exact time it would be needed and again would be variable with RPM.
Next question: Did you start with setting up the ignition timing first or the injection? Or did you do all of it at once? I was going to start with timing first since it was the easiest and then add fuel injection.
Craig
Posted By: Jerry

Re: Megasquirt 2 EFI and Vintage Air A/C in a 74 Challenger - 08/18/14 05:23 PM

most people start with fuel first because the timing is easy and even a stock distributor will give you a decent baseline. get the fuel map squared away and then do the ignition and then fine tweak both while your driving, enjoying and data logging.
Posted By: 2011GrabberGT

Re: Megasquirt 2 EFI and Vintage Air A/C in a 74 Challenger - 08/18/14 06:26 PM

Agreed. You can do either or - it doesn't really matter but most do start with fuel.

I actually started with spark first since I had the Megasquirt done and ready to go before I had everything to do fuel.
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